The three phases of shooting

The preparation phase:   

The initial sequence involved in jump shooting focuses on being balanced. Balance is critical in determining whether the skill will be completely successfully. The player should be ‘squared’ towards the target with the centre of mass directly over their base of support. By aligning themselves with the desired direction of target the players balance is more stable which enables greater accuracy and promotes no horizontal movement during the jump phase (Coachlikeapro.com, 2015). The use of a staggered stance and a vertical jump are the coaches’ focus during this phase to emphasize accuracy (Knudson, 1993). The staggered stance was found to be more successful at minimizing horizontal movement during the jump which in turn allows for greater balance (Knudson, 1993)

The shooting phase:

During this phase the player is using multiple movements in order to achieve the desired result. From the feet through to the fingertips the body should move in a smooth action as a summation of forces to allow maximum force to be placed on the ball whilst maintaining accuracy (Okazaki & Rodacki, 2012). The lower leg muscles, torso and arms are used to generate power for the shot, whilst the forearm, elbow, wrist and fingertips are used to guide the ball in desired direction. Similar to the preparation phase balance is crucial, however during this phase the projection motion of the basketball plays a greater role in determining success. Based on the distance from the target and defensive pressure applied, the height of release, angle of release and speed of released need to be adjusted. The constant technique cue for this phase is to ensure the elbow and wrist extend in a straight line towards the basket.

The Follow through phase:

The follow through phase involves ‘snapping’ the wrist after the ball has left the hand then landing back over the centre of mass to keep balance. Follow through of the shot promotes backspin as evidenced by sharp movement of the wrist and fingertips. Sustaining the final posture as gravity impacts you and allows you to land safely.